1. Metal reactivity: Magnesium is a highly reactive metal element, which reacts rapidly with oxygen in the air to form magnesium oxide (MgO) and release a large amount of heat. In addition, magnesium can also react with most non-metallic elements and compounds, such as reacting with water to produce hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide.
2. Oxidation state: The oxidation state of magnesium is usually +2 because it has two electrons that can be easily lost. In some high temperature atmospheres, magnesium can exist in higher oxidation states.
3. Solubility: Magnesium can react with many solvents, such as acid, water and alcohol. It can react with acidic solutions such as dilute sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid to generate magnesium ions and corresponding salts. In water, magnesium produces magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
4. Alloy properties: Magnesium can form alloys with many metal elements, such as aluminum, zinc, manganese and copper. These alloys have excellent properties such as light weight, high strength and good corrosion resistance.
5. Compounds: Magnesium can form compounds with various non-metallic elements, such as oxides, sulfides, nitrides and halides. Among them, magnesium oxide (MgO) is one of the most important compounds. It is a white solid and is often used in the manufacture of ceramics, refractory materials, fireproof materials and abrasives.
In short, the chemical properties of magnesium are very active, it can react with various elements and compounds to form various compounds and alloys, and is widely used in many fields.